The Development Direction of Study Practice: A Comparative Study of Local Legislation in Shanghai, Shandong and Guangdong

Since 2024, Shanghai, Shandong and Guangdong (Guangzhou) have successively advanced study practice through local regulations or normative documents, marking a transition from policy advocacy to local legislation and rigid governance. Through textual comparison and policy analysis, this paper compares the three documents in terms of concept definition, institutional level, class-hour frequency, organizing subject, funding mechanism and safety responsibility, and finds five development trends: returning to the essence of practice education, upgrading to legal guarantee, rigidifying class hours, shifting to school-society co-governance, and refining governance. The experiences of the three places point to a new ecology of study practice featuring “curriculum core, public welfare orientation, safety under the rule of law, and social collaboration”.